Digital designs have not traditionally suffered by issues associated with transmission line effects. At lower frequencies the signals remain within data characterization and the system performs as ...

In today’s high-speed digital designs, signal-integrity issues such as reflections, excessive losses, and crosstalk can degrade system performance. There are techniques through the use of time-domain ...

Considerations for dividing analog and digital blocks. Decoupling techniques. Breaking down the board layers. How best to deal with grounding. Similar to building a house, it’s essential to create a ...

In Part 1, we explored the basic characteristics governing high-speed SerDes channels. This article focuses on real-world issues, such as parasitics and impedance mismatches, that require additional ...

Signal integrity (SI) and power integrity (PI) are two distinct but related realms of analysis concerned with proper operation of digital circuits. In signal integrity, the main concern is making sure ...